To be more independent or more dependent? The evolution mechanism of co-innovation between digital platforms and content creators

Co-innovation between digital platforms and complementors is motivated by their interactions, especially on content creation that emphasise creativity. With the platform monopoly, creators are increasingly dependent thus making interaction directional. As long-term effect of dependency co-innovation under multi-agent networks currently under-researched, a novel asymmetric NK model proposed in this paper to evaluate creators’ dependence through agent-based simulation. The results show internal has an inverted U-shaped co-innovation, external negative co-innovation. Further considering global complexity constraints there substitution relying can facilitate reducing potential risks high environmental complexity. Moreover, exploratory innovation equally conducive enables be less dependent. This study extends new for research responds discussions interaction, exploration, literature.